local government revenue generation pdflocal government revenue generation pdf
Grants to local governments 11 Performance meetings should be scheduled on a weekly basis to track revenue generation and build ownership. Unlocking the full potential of city revenues. Todaro, M. P. (2015). What is the history of the federal budget process? 0000003592 00000 n
State and local governments collected a combined $3.5 trillion of general revenues in fiscal year 2019. << endobj
endobj Ayodele, I. O., & Sunday, A. E. (2009). This applies to administrative services as well as other city services such as utility provision. >> The survey research design was adopted for this study, with 414 staff of Ikorodu local government area as the population of the study. endobj
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g],g>$6%E#w .CB}6{yghj9Kv:Q9w l+/;2w /ModDate (D:20131230000155+10'00') Local Effect: Beginning FY 2024, revenues potentially decrease for local governments that own and operate facilities that use the energy sources removed from the RPS, as discussed below. What are error rates for refundable credits and what causes them? 8 0 obj /Meta58 47 0 R /ExtGState <<
>> How would the tax system need to change with return-free filing? What is the difference between a tax-exclusive and tax-inclusive sales tax rate? /StructParents 4 What did the 200810 tax stimulus acts do? As a result, local governments are continually forced to levying of non-property taxes and fees (Steiss et al, 2011,). Sarah Jindra, Chicagos ticket amnesty program begins today, WGN9, November 10, 2015, wgntv.com. B)`g5(^S1,=ql&{YwEzLgH`g\zwnka
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How do state estate and inheritance taxes work? The authentic confucius: A life of thought and politics. /Contents 62 0 R endobj
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73875-4_17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73875-4_17, eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0). /S /Transparency Who bears the burden of federal excise taxes? /Image8 18 0 R /Type /Page Our teams brought Axon to new heights in 2022 with the following major accomplishments: Strong financial results: In 2022, Axon delivered record revenue growth of 38% to $1.19 . The usual practice in this country (Nigeria) is that political parties and individual candidates often make In so doing, they impose some taxes and rates on these economic activities as a way of generating funds for their Its time to change it, CityMetric, March 12, 2018, citymetric.com. /Group << /Tabs /S Another 6percent of localgeneral revenue came from miscellaneous sources such as amounts received from the sale of property and interest from some investment securities. Taxation as a Source of Revenue Generation in Local Governments, Nigeria Authors: Augustine Osho Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti David Adelagun Ajayi Abstract and Figures period of 5years. 11
What is the tax treatment of charitable contributions? Keywords: Local Government, Administration, Finance, Decentralization, Nigeria, Iwo Introduction One area which has remained neglected over time by the local governments in Nigeria is revenue generation. Revenue generation: Its impact on government developmental effort (A study of selected local council in Kogi East senatorial district). /Group << or improve local service delivery, though the opposite can also be true. >> These cities typically adopt one of two archetypes: an independent revenue monetization department that focuses on commercial aspects and acts as a strategic unit for generating revenues, or a commercial unit integrated into the finance department that is responsible for tracking progress of revenue targets. Public sector revenue management is as managing government revenue in public sectors. >> State governments collected $2.2 trillion of general revenues in 2019. /Resources <<
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8E9"m @}_6l?\Lzw]$1%gVv!CBJi`UY! /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] In general, this intervention represents the horizon for innovation across all revenue streams. Candice Ferrette and Robert Brodsky, Red-light camera revenues jump in Nassau County, Newsday, June 10, 2018, newsday.com. How does the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance work? Service fees. Do all people eligible for the EITC participate? Problems of revenue generation in local government administration in Nigeria. /Parent 2 0 R As such, federal transfers as a share of local general revenue will likely look different for these yearsbut Census has not yet published that data. /Meta40 35 0 R How did the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act change business taxes? How does the federal government spend its money? How would various proposals affect incentives for charitable giving? Please email us at: 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, May 16, 2018, un.org. /Tabs /S << /Meta54 51 0 R >> Washington DC: Urban Institute. 4 0 obj
And as the new normal begins to take shape, you'll also have to plan for the near- and long . This category involves enhancing internal effectiveness of city teams to generate more revenues without visible impact to the public. Optimizing land monetization has the potential to double baseline revenue from income-generating assets. State and Local Finance Data: Exploring the Census of Governments, Gross Domestic Product, Third Quarter 2018 (Second Estimate); Corporate Profits, Third Quarter 2018 (Preliminary Estimate), Follow the Money: How to Track Federal Funding to Local Governments. By doing so, the people's interest would be geared towards giving their maximum support to the local government which would lead to the development of the rural area? 2018. >> Nicole Badstuber, London congestion charge has been a huge success. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. /Type /Page What can state and local sales taxes tell us about a national retail sales tax? What are inversions, and how will TCJA affect them?
State and Local Finance Data: Exploring the Census of Governments, How the COVID-19 Pandemic is Transforming State Budgets, State Tax and Economic Review endobj 2018. How do financing methods affect the distributional analyses of tax cuts? Census of Governments, vol. For example, revenue KPIs could include the annual increase in revenue per lever, while nonrevenue KPIs could define targets for each lever and its corresponding interventions, such as the annual increase in the number of violations detected. / How do state earned income tax credits work? /F2 21 0 R
In: Oloruntoba, S.O. Local revenue mobilization will be enhanced if local goverments and local Therefore, the following three areas should be examined: In addition, the city should refer back to the results of the citizen sentiment survey conducted during the preparatory stage to help inform the assessment of social acceptance. 0000001743 00000 n
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How might the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI) be reformed? /CS /DeviceRGB They provided 22 percent of state and local general revenues in 1977, dropped to a low of 16 percent in 1989, and returned to 22 percent in 2003. What are the sources of revenue for local governments? 0000002023 00000 n
This gave a substantial and unprecedented reform of autonomy to the, devolved on the local government therefore, became a common $no#ledge that, most of the local government are finding it difficult to cope #ith the present level, The principal aims of creating local governments #ere as, /. responsibilities in the federation. /StructParents 8 /Meta82 68 0 R /F3 22 0 R How does the availability of tax-favored retirement saving affect national saving? In Finland, for example, fines for speeding are broadly linked to the income of violators and how far over the speed limit they were traveling when caught. The revenue systems of these governments eroded while the workloads and scope on the expenditure side of the state and local system budget . The share from intergovernmental transfers also fluctuated somewhat over time, falling from 43 percent of general revenue in 1977 to 36 percent in 2017. (&. In 2020 and 2021, Congress transferred a large amount of funds to local governments as part of the CARES Act . /Image93 73 0 R /GS31 30 0 R Charges and taxes. What kinds of tax-favored retirement arrangements are there? Gordon, Tracy. Based on option B; 72 respondents (38.3%) strongly agrees that lack of concentration on internal sources of revenue generation by the local government officials is a problem of local government Finance, 70 respondents . 3
Some of the commissions include Phillipson Commission of 1946, Hicks-Phillipson Commission of 1950, . >> >> endobj
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Randall, Megan, Tracy Gordon, Solomon Greene, and Erin Huffer. How do state and local corporate income taxes work? The rapid urbanization of the worlds population is well under way. /Contents [14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R] /Type /Catalog How does the deduction for state and local taxes work? <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 13 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>>
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/Length 5747 As such, federal transfers as a share of state general revenue will likely look different for these yearsbut Census has not yet published that data. New York, Scribner Press in Institute of Management and Leadership Professional Nigeria (2012). All other taxesincluding corporate income taxes, hotel taxes, and business license taxesprovided $40 billion in revenue (2 percent). 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. /F5 40 0 R How does the tax system subsidize child care expenses?
What is foreign-derived intangible income and how is it taxed under the TCJA? How did the TCJA affect the federal budget outlook? Bundle charges. <>stream
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>> Given state and local tax revenuevolatility resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, and the large amount of federal transfers approved by Congress, particularly as part of the American Rescue Plan, these numbers will probably look different for fiscal years 2020 and 2021, but Census has not yet published that data. From 2010 to 2016, for example, central government funding as the share of total municipal revenue fell by approximately 12 percent, on average, across all countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
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What are the tax benefits of homeownership? /F4 85 0 R How does the federal budget process work? 0000003670 00000 n
n effective 'ocal -overnment system rests ma%orly on the availability of human, governments development. The logic is that, in areas where the revenue capacity is high, a relative higher tax . /F2 21 0 R << /Parent 2 0 R Global Journals Inc. (USA). /Type /Group Revenue generation as a major source of income for the state government: An empirical analysis of two parastatals. /F4 23 0 R What is the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit and how does it work? How much does the federal government spend on health care? Google Scholar. >> /F9 55 0 R How did the TCJA affect incentives for charitable giving? What are Opportunity Zones and how do they work? r_ w=[,()l9"] JETfKIXpEq)h5-B(3+r;&uJ_=~_9=0
<< Agu (2010) examined the . All major sources of revenue have grown in real dollars since 1977, with charges seeing the largest increase in percentage terms ($132 billion in 1977 to $575billion in 2019, or a 337 percent increase) and transfers seeing the largest increase in total dollars ($263 billion in 1977 to $762 billion in 2019, or a 189 percent increase). /F3 22 0 R The Local Government Act 462 of 1993 authorises and empowers the district assemblies to mobilise revenue in the form of rates, fees & fines, licences, rent, among others to help finance projects in their various areas of authority. /ExtGState << \~x2{w6HZpV1 ~eh5u*d*pn1gs9WzfY+W)hh,O`\`k}[rHyU ;18HXS-xep]#2 jAI740-+-=tk3zdSzn*Qv8tC>"mTv{
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LG8D6 %$5 What are the consequences of the new US international tax system? University of Lagos Press. x\KF+BGPpF^H bCfz(a11mGVV_faw1^o|mew5t'7=^$MDDRYTR7*::'W{o7/jBl\~?vM/ Gordon, Tracy, Richard Auxier, and John Iselin. Municipalities could increase service fees (such as those on parking and construction permits) as well as fines, taxes, and the cost of accessing city assets (such as beaches). /Meta77 66 0 R /Image85 72 0 R 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, May 16, 2018, un.org. Regarding dissipation, figure 4 shows the time series power curtailment of an integrated generation plant without energy storage. Last, municipalities could increase revenues by implementing higher fees for faster processing times or better service. /F7 42 0 R Each time, the city brought in $7 million to $9 million in revenue. %%EOF
an increment in revenue generation capacity of MMDAs (Ohemeng & OfosuDarkwah, 2014), the notion that egovernment enhances revenue capacity of state institutions is contentious and needs further investigation. endobj Furthermore, the funding that municipalities receive from other government entities is decreasing. In Nigeria, as in other developing countries, the debate on the nature and purpose of local government has been a long and at times better one. /F2 83 0 R . /Meta65 57 0 R /F10 61 0 R /XObject << To address this problem, requires proper implementation of plans directed at enhancing adequate revenue generation. 6
/ExtGState << A citizens guide to the fascinating (though often complex) elements of the US tax system. This research work examines how the federal Government of Nigeria generate revenue and the development of Local Government Areas, Revenue Generation and the Development of Local Government Areas, 100% found this document useful (8 votes), 100% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save Revenue Generation and the Development of Local Go For Later. How do state and local property taxes work? Abstract and Figures This paper examines trends in local government revenues and current challenges that local governments face in raising revenue. /Meta25 33 0 R trailer
incentive from a state or local government and are encouraged to claim the Advanced Manufacturing Investment Credit, a separate incentive administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service that provides a federal income tax credit for qualifying ca pital investments in a facility for which What are the major federal excise taxes, and how much money do they raise? /Font << /Parent 2 0 R >> Hence the various sources of local government finance have become very crucial in order to foster development at all levels of governance. /Meta99 77 0 R >> xZs8hI6mzumvwn:ul7 z?0{v8,Vjq.W?_/NOfSXbyqhu0r}z2/6r>YmM%`@NUOv- What is the schedule for the federal budget process? /Group << Before cities can begin to optimize their revenues, they must first compile an inventory of existing revenue streams. We have found that this effort has led to a year-over-year increase in municipal revenues of 30 percent. /Type /Group "Follow the Money: How to Track Federal Funding to Local Governments." What would and would not be taxed under a VAT? /Meta38 38 0 R /XObject << >> <>
/F7 42 0 R But, communities are still facing a numerous difficulties in access to basic goods and services from local governments Authorities (Pradeep, 2011). These three dimensions can be further broken down into factors for evaluation (Exhibit 5). << What tax incentives encourage energy production from fossil fuels? On the other hand, if the state collects a tax imposed by local governments, the collection and distribution to the imposing local governments is treated as an agency transaction; that is, the receipts are reported entirely as tax revenue of the local governments and not as either a state tax or state intergovernmental expenditure. The finding revealed that there is an average relationship between local government finance and development as other factors like proper utilization and administrative competence are necessary in development. /StructParents 5 >> <>>>
Revenue Generation in Nigeria's Local Government. endobj
/Annots [27 0 R 28 0 R] >> /Image8 18 0 R /F1 20 0 R Edogbanya, A., & Sule, J. G. (2013). /Contents 43 0 R How do state and local individual income taxes work? We strive to provide individuals with disabilities equal access to our website. Hb``$WR~|@T#2S/`M. >> Revenue from property, sales, and other taxes totaled $707 billion, or 42 percent of general revenue. How do phaseouts of tax provisions affect taxpayers? 7 0 obj /F6 41 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB What other countries use return-free filing? >> /Type /Group "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel
}}Cq9 What are the sources of revenue for state governments? >> How does the tax system affect US competitiveness? Would tax evasion and avoidance be a significant problem for a national retail sales tax? . /Meta56 45 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 842.04] /Meta62 60 0 R Three local government officials were also interviewed. International Business Management, 3(3), 5460. Hassan, M. M. (2011). 14 0 obj In contrast, revenues from charges steadily increased from 11 percent of general revenuein 1977 to 17 percent in 2019. Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center. 0000002809 00000 n
(2006). Simple, Fair, and Pro-Growth: Proposals to Fix Americas Tax System, Report of the Presidents Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform, November 2005, The Moment of Truth: Report of the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform, December 2010, Debt Reduction Task Force, Restoring Americas Future, Bipartisan Policy Center, November 2010, The Tax Reform Act of 2014: Fixing Our Broken Tax Code So That It Works for American Families and Job Creators, House Ways and Means Committee, The Graetz Competitive Tax Plan, Updated for 2015. /Image87 74 0 R /GS31 30 0 R /Type /Page What are state rainy day funds, and how do they work?
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