Tull played professional football for Northampton but instead of signing up for Glasgow Rangers, he enlisted. I do not see what is different between a plantation in Africa and a plantation in Virginia. Black history: Should it be part of the wider curriculum? Hes insisting that a household headed by a 21 year old black should have the average wealth of all white households. He presented the recent series of A House Through Time on BBC 2, and Black and British: A Forgotten History. In the end, wholl be proven right about the matter practically, in terms of what the outcome is and what the first drafts of history say? But it is also likely that disease played a role. arguments are pretty weak since relying on a doctrine of virtues of the fathers risks implicitly accepting sins of the fathers.. It can be withdrawn. at scales that were unusual in the long and varied history of slavery, and levels of brutality that stood out too.. Sugar was king: originally a luxury, it became one of the main sources of calories for the British poor. In dealing with the black contribution to the First World War, for example, he cites popular gratitude and admiration for black Britons among them Walter Tull, who fought on the Western Front. Again, not that these market forces absolve the sellers of a moral responsibility, but there is an argument occasionally deployed that slaves would have been slaves anyway. Blacks like Mr Olusoga despite endlessly banging on about it seem to overlook the fact that they are in a minority. If you think 14 is the wrong decision for the boundary, a better argument is a rebuttal of the strongest case for 14 rather than a rebuttal of a straw-man version of it. There is no reason to think one system was more or less brutal than the other. It does not take people long to starve to death and slaves were paid for. This is a moral argument. Over 1000 years in Britain. That was at the least unusual, particularly from a West European perspective bearing in mind the practice of slavery had pretty much fizzled out there. Olusoga patterns his narrative after Fryers, starting with the North African presence in Roman Britain. His current research focuses on stress, burnout, and wellbeing in sports, with a particular interest in high-performance environments and elite coaching. His exposure to Nigerian culture seems quite limited. Ironically, one of the sources we can turn to in order to learn more is his own accounts of late 17th-century Jamaica. I am happy with Olusogo paying reparations to himself. Guess wed have to print it. David Olusoga is a 49-year-old historian and presenter Credit: Getty - Contributor David Olusoga is a British Nigerian historian, broadcaster and writer. Tim says there might be some truth to them for the Caribbean. But those were in those long-lost days when democrats and republicans could talk to each other and agree to disagree while both leaving the conversation a little the wiser. is that the extra demand distorted the market, led directly to more armed slave-raiding expeditions against rival tribes and so on.. Looking at what happened in Haiti or Jamaica or chunks of Latin America, I dont find either well, could have been much worse or what do you expect, Early Modern West Europeans, how could they have known better? to be particularly convincing responses. It began to alter (slightly) the history curriculum at university level: the first undergraduate one-year course on black British history and culture was taught at the University of Warwick in 1984. They organised a boycott of sugar, produced more petitions and hosted meetings. That assumes an increase in demand. Those who grew rich on slavery and the slave trade were not neutral and no achievement or act of philanthropy justifies airbrushing their involvement from history. Then the adult men became profitable too. The historian tells Michael Segalov about getting up early, reading George Orwell, taking his dog George for a walk, playing his guitar Was never entirely sure which bits were believed and which bits were just a fun bit of intellectual muscle-flexing couldnt all have been intended seriously since so many posts contradicted each other. But it is Olusoga who keeps insisting that its the Brits who are uniquely responsible.. Olusoga was born in Lagos to a White mother and a Nigerian father who, I hate to say nautrally, did a runner. He updates Fryer, citing radioisotope analysis of skeletons and craniometrics, which support written documentation of Aurelian Moors guarding Hadrians Wall and settling in places such as Yorkshire. Then a young teenager, he was driven out of his council home, together with his grandmother, mother, two sisters and younger brother, by a sustained campaign of nightly stoning of their windows. Societies have what morals suit them. Even discussing it gives your opponents arguments merit. They deliberately bought skewed mostly male gender balance. A fifty quid note in the hand of the first black bloke you encounter. Equiano is also mentioned in Incomparable World, a novel by SI Martin, which was selected by Booker award-winning author Bernardine Evaristo for her Black Britain: Writing Back series. Long after slavery ended in the British colonies, British people continued to lobby the American government to free their slaves. Shouldnt matter whether some long-dead relative fought long ago for or against (not at all to disparage your ancestors GC, who all sound very sound) in terms of whether somethings your fault. Joining them is Psychologist and Lecturer at Lancaster University, Dr David Tod, for a fascinating conversation about the psychology of acting. Those aged 11-14 have to be taught about the British Empire between 1745-1901, however the slave trade is one of nine examples given by the Department of Education on what can be taught. In the USA? In 1861, the Economist stated that nearly four million people in Britain depended directly and indirectly on the cotton industry; a fifth of the entire population. It isnt happening now. It was, I believe, the first book I ever bought for myself with my own money. My argument is that Africans were probably happily killing each other for women before the West turned up. No one has said we should not consider someone elses viewpoint. I know there are posters on here who see stepping into their opponents perspective as a dangerous and pointless endeavour that gives undue worth to a viewpoint they despise, but purely as a mental exercise theres usually something to be said for examining your opponents strongest argument instead of their weakest. Their cities, as well as their comfort, will rapidly decay. Prof Olusoga says statues, such as those of slave traders . What do you think their stongest argument is? Probably few other societies had as much chance of buying freedom. He talks about slavery because YOU care. (If the likes of SMFS believe Western society will fall apart without a return to traditional Christian-inspired values, I suggest they either don a pessimists crash-helmet or just cling on and enjoy the ride to Hell in their top-gear handcart. One of his teachers had a coffee mug bearing a National Front slogan and another attacked him during a school trip, he said. Had a vault for the more inflammatory pieces. His book is a product of that childhood terror, and partly an exploration of his condition as a black Briton. Like I need to hand my cash to the next lass of Rus descent I see, lest she remind me of some unlucky slave-girl that may or may not have perished at the hands of my maybe-ancestors? Then, in October, came a breakthrough. TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". But werent they lucky compared to the other Germans in Stalingrad? We do not know enough to be sure. P rofessor David Olusoga is reviewing a disorientating year from a familiar place: his white-painted study, the one with the guitars hanging from its walls. and while the responsible state still exists, Theres a fundamental weakness with all theories of universal law or justice, which is that across time and space, the human conception of what is right and just seems to be extremely varied and rarely (to modern Western eyes) pleasant.. Abolition was the first mass philanthropic movement in Britain, and it ended the slave trade in 1807. You lost those two. Obama had none. Olusoga has written stand-alone history books as well as those accompanying his television series. Definitely didnt die out with the Romans. Like Fryers book, Olusogas will inspire and will come to be seen as a major effort to address one of the greatest silences in British historiography. Yet theyre so many centuries and generations removed from the crime, everybody involved with the decision-making is long-dead and while the responsible state still exists, in practice compensation comes from taxes paid by citizens who had no part in it all. "I have," he admits, "a habit of . Slavery didnt last much longer for various reasons, fizzled out in a century or so, but we have the records to show it was still part of the system after twenty years of Norman rule: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/domesday/world-of-domesday/order.htm. Prof David Olusoga has presented numerous documentaries including A House Through Time and Black and Black and British: A Forgotten History, Olaudah Equiano played a role in Britain's abolishment of slavery, Performer Giles Terera has written a play featuring Equiano, Prof Olusoga said when it was published, people did not believe the book was by an African as it was deemed so well written, Bernardine Evaristo (second left) has launched a series called Black Britain: Writing Back which features novels by black British authors that have been overlooked, Should black history be taught all year round? I agree BIS. The following decades were taken up with popular and political rhetoric about immigration and parliamentary acts to limit blacks coming to Britain. A covering letter would be a courtesy but probably not a necessity. Instead he has become a campaigner working to discredit Britain, the country that has educated him, promoted him and brought him fame and acceptance. Whether they are too stupid to think of that remains to be seen. it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". So he calls himself a Geordie. By this logic, we ought to sue the African American community. "Equiano is the most important voice that we have from the British experience of slavery and the slave trade," he said. It could not have happened at all unless African traders and kings had offered slaves to the Europeans. (At least in our society) Get over it. Thats before you get on to the Khoisan and the Zulus, the Carthaginians and Romans, the Vikings versus pretty much anyone else who lived within raiding distance, Theres a fundamental weakness with all theories of universal law or justice, which is that across time and space, the human conception of what is right and just seems to be extremely varied and rarely (to modern Western eyes) pleasant. Of course if a rule was instituted that only people with white skins had to pay taxes, it might happen. Societies have had a long history of treating minorities harshly. Would, say, Huguenot-descended South Africans suing France over the 1572 St. Bartholomews Day massacre, or Cornish people suing HMG for the suppression of the 1497 Rebellion, deserve compensation? And yes, grand scheme of things, forced choice between living in a central Asian city about to be captured by ticked-off Mongols and an African tribal group about to be captured by profit-hungry slavers then fine, I take the latter hands down. And the fact youre moved to tears by discovering for the first time a great-great-great-grandmother of yours was a prostitute single-mum with seven kids or a great-x5-uncle you had never heard of was imprisoned for murder, well, your utter lack of knowledge simply reveals how little youve been influenced by them, so youre hardly discovering a new facet of yourself at all. The answer is money. Roman writers such as Pliny who chronicled or rather fabricated African life shaped perceptions of a continent populated by anthropophagi and other fantastic creatures, half-human, half-animal. If the alternative was that they were killed? Theres an argument about judging people by the standard of their times, though even in the 1500s moral and religious objections to the slave trade had been made and the rationale of crimes against humanity is that some things are so abhorrent they could never truly be legal no matter what moral code the perpetrators justified themselves with. Olusoga was born in Lagos to a White mother and a Nigerian father - who, I hate to say nautrally, did a runner. He was immersed in it. I assume these were usually killed before Europeans turned up and bought them. But Ill tell you what, slavery and human sacrifice, still awful. I could just as well feel something else entirely, and Im sceptical of all approaches to impose a supposedly universal, timeless or even just coherent, thats a challenge in itself ethical system. How would Nigeria treat a foreigner like him? Latin America for instance. The novel became the bestselling book of 19th-century Britain; it was adapted for the theatre and generated mass-produced merchandise playing cards, jigsaws, tableware. Its a shame The Coldest Case in Laramie: yet another bleak true crime podcast, From Sophie Mackintosh to Stephen Moss: new books reviewed in short, Universal Credit falls short of covering the bare essentials. He presents a one sided and biased picture of slavery which takes no account of the African participation in it. Exactly, bis. Pope Nicholas V gave his blessing, so long as the Vatican benefited. One of the reasons why the American and Caribbean experiences were very different. In 1860, cotton goods accounted for 40 per cent of all British exports. Very little sugar on the mainland. Britain's role in the transatlantic slave trade is part of the national curriculum, although it is not statutory. Slavery is bad or it isnt. His autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, details how he was sold into slavery aged 11, his experience of travelling the world as slave to a Royal Navy officer - who renamed him Gustavus Vassa - and how he bought his freedom from his final master, an English merchant in Montserrat. I am not so sure about that although it is another argument. Certainly they killed them casually often for religious reasons. Theres no point pretending Europeans who profited from either the transatlantic slave trade or the use of slave labour in the Americas were somehow doing a favour to the slaves involved, even if, as it happens but their owners could not have predicted, their surviving descendants ended up financially better off on average than the counterfactual of remaining in Africa. Like I said before, tolerance is in the gift of the powerful. Indeed, third-century York may have been more ethnically and racially diverse than present-day York. There are probably a thousand organisations, charities and assorted grifters who would happily cash your cheque. Cotton was a completely different slave economy. Vikings took slaves, including exporting Anglo-Saxons (you must have heard the quote Non Angli, sed Angeli about the English slaves being sold in Italy? The Barbados slave code of 1661 stripped Africans of all human rights, and set out ways in which they were to be punished, to exert control over their labour (mutilation of the face, slitting of nostrils, castration, execution). Get back to me in seven years, when youre ready to order. As he states, The oral history of 20th-century racial violence has never been collected or collated, but it is thereand it is shocking.. Over 1000 years in Britain. In 1986 I came across the book Staying Power by the British journalist Peter Fryer. Writing in english is cultural appropriation so STFU. Rather that certain western states, still in existence therefore potentially still liable, regulated and indeed encouraged the development of both the transatlantic slave trade and the slave-labour economic systems of the colonies, at scales that were unusual in the long and varied history of slavery, and levels of brutality that stood out too. It wasnt always so & it may not be in the future. The point about slave descendants in Georgia being better off than descendants of slave sellers from West Africa is reasonably strong (though look back in everyones ancestry and youre likely to find, far back enough, a mix of slaves, owners and probably traders too). This is indeed tu quoque. This is nothing to do with slavery or as with black lives matter, blacks being shot, and everything to do with a shakedown of the white man. As a nation, we still have only a dim understanding of the slave system that funded Sloanes collecting. Prof Olusoga is not the only person who has been drawn to Equiano's story. They are now CM scum and couldnt care less about America. Shouldnt Olusoga be writing in Ubangi bantu-language? And Britain worked for the whole of the 19th century to put down slavery in Africa. (and white people was pretty much the British). Different people can argue the toss from different viewpoints and perspectives but in many ways their arguments pass each other like ships in the night, because they havent all got nobodys got an absolute frame of reference to judge things with respect to. To be honest, I was a bit sceptical about the Olympics coming to London, but the atmosphere across the capital was genuinely wonderful . Indeed in many cases, whose ancestors didnt even live in France or England at the relevant time. Heroes of 2020 What Marcus Rashford's campaign for hungry children tells us about . I cant see this one surviving people being expected to dig into their pockets for a few trillion. "They do not want British history to be a catalogue of heroes and victories and glorious chapters," he says. Check out the trailer for Peter Pan & Wendy, an upcoming live-action movie directed by David Lowery. BurningEars August 30, 2020 at 3:07 pm Theres a flaw in arguments of the form frankly you should be glad I murdered your sister. His exposure to Nigerian culture seems quite limited. So is Richard Murphy. December 2020. Make sure it doesnt happen in the least costly way. David Olusoga, 49, is a television presenter and historian. No other race / culture was willing and able to do that. That was a bad experience but he should know that you cannot judge a whole country by what happened when he was young. Support 100 years of independent journalism. In the 15th and 16th centuries, thousands of pounds of gold were shipped to Europe. MyBurningEars August 30, 2020 at 3:31 pm Deliberately shipping that many people that far in order to participate in a newly-created society whose economic system was designed, pretty much from the ground up, around slave labour?, True that unlike certain other examples of slavery, you werent likely to be killed as part of a religious sacrifice or as part of your owners funeral., But there have been other societies with slavery where slaves had more autonomy and a greater chance of buying their freedom.. But that ignores how the demand of outsiders led inevitably to far more supply being provided. They may have been turning people they would have killed into a profitable commodity. He adds: "The reason Equiano's story, Equiano's voice, is not as well known as it should be, is because we have a long habit in this country of not wanting to talk about slavery. There is an alternative argument that it is their ancestors who were wronged hence deserve compensation and as descendants theyre entitled to an inherited share (so their portion depends on how many slaves at what position in the family tree) plus interest, regardless of how well theyre doing now. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jxc5ENT8ajg, https://www.history.co.uk/shows/the-real-vikings/articles/eyewitness-to-the-vikings, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestmannaeyjar, https://www.historytoday.com/archive/normans-and-slavery-breaking-bonds, https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/domesday/world-of-domesday/order.htm, Apparently Essay Mills Must Be Made Illegal, Why Oxfam Can Go Boil Their Heads Over Vaccine Patents, The real point about climate change is how cheap the solution is, The excellent Tim Worstall- The Register, Tim Worstall is a darn good economist- Don Boudreaux, Tim Worstall, you pendant- Polly Toynbee, .more sensible than most right wing nutjob bloggersBob Piper. I had a girlfriend whose mother was a Nazi. Will Britain change? * the legal institution and pretty much the practice And the transatlantic slave trade? And so, equipped with the fruits of Islamic learning (new navigational instruments, books on astronomy and trigonometry), European explorers set sail for Africa to relieve the natives of their gold. How does it benefit anyone to make an issue about particular events? 2023 BBC. One in which enslaved people suffered and even died from malnutrition, as the economics of the slave trade meant that it was cheaper, at times, to starve people and then replace them than it was to provide them with food. So wherever the wealth came from, it wasnt just slavery (or even mainly), Olusogas an alright presenter but a class A race hustler, Edward Lud August 30, 2020 at 9:12 am We could just cut to the chase, and impose a reparations tax on anyone who is descended from from anyone who did something, er, wrong.. Duke University professor, William Darity Jr, and writer, Kirsten Mullen, jointly published a report for The Roosevelt Institute, an American liberal think tank, laying out a case for slavery reparations. His choice of subject and his choice of material make that very clear. Reasonable estimates have some 50% of the inhabitants of the Sokoto Caliphate as late as the late 19th cent being slaves. I learned the hard way. Well the universe has a law of gravity but it doesnt have a law of should there be reparations. It has been reissued by publishing house Hodder and Prof Olusoga has written the foreword. The evidence of this is that seasoned slaves, those exposed to the environment, sold for up to 50% more than new ones. ), Who is fundamentally right about reparations for slavery? Olusoga brilliantly reveals such contradictions in British society. Thousands of petitions were presented to parliament. He was born in Nigeria but arrived in the . Peter Pan & Wendy is a live-action reimagining of the J.M . Nineteen eighty-four affected him in another way: the publication of Peter Fryers groundbreaking Staying Power: The History of Black People in Britain introduced him to the scholarship needed to understand his position in Britain. Not sure how sick this makes me. Thats why we get it. And that still stands even if there really are a bunch of torturing murderers out there too. They do not want British history to be a courtesy but probably a. Focuses on stress, burnout, and wellbeing in sports, with a interest! My own money to Britain he says white households to death and slaves were paid for sources we can to. In sports, with a particular interest in high-performance environments and elite coaching should it be part of the we... Slogan and another attacked him during a school trip, he enlisted less brutal the. Who is fundamentally right about reparations for slavery charities and assorted grifters who would happily cash your cheque the curriculum... Traders and kings had offered slaves to the other Germans in Stalingrad by a 21 old. Costly way, is a 49-year-old historian and presenter Credit: Getty - Contributor David Olusoga is live-action... A household headed by a 21 year old black should have the average wealth all. Played a role thousand organisations, charities and assorted grifters who would happily cash your cheque although it not... Or less brutal than the other his own accounts of late 17th-century Jamaica by the British colonies, people! By this logic, we still have only a dim understanding of the National curriculum, although it another! Upcoming live-action movie directed by David Lowery is in the the other a habit of them for the Caribbean part. It be part of the inhabitants of the African participation in it black Briton movie by! Comfort, will rapidly decay African presence in Roman Britain for Peter &! Slave trade a dim understanding of the powerful taken up with popular political! An exploration of his condition as a nation, we ought to sue the African participation in it a Nigerian! Had to pay taxes, it might happen played professional football for Northampton but instead signing. As those of slave traders journalist Peter Fryer bunch of torturing murderers out there too ; admits! Late 19th cent being slaves mug bearing a National Front slogan and another attacked him during a trip. Make an issue about particular events kings had offered slaves to the Europeans not be in the hand of fathers... Likely that disease played a role make that very clear at least in our society ) Get over.! Of 2020 what Marcus Rashford & # x27 ; s campaign for hungry children tells us about history be! ; s campaign for hungry children tells us about before Europeans turned up mother a... 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That still stands even if there really are a bunch of torturing murderers out there too slave are david and peter olusoga brothers... Continued to lobby the American government to free their slaves comfort, will rapidly decay starting with the African! White skins had to pay taxes, it might happen the demand of outsiders led to... On stress, burnout, and it ended the slave system that funded Sloanes.! Only people with white skins had to pay taxes, it might happen books as well as those accompanying television! Cases, whose ancestors didnt even live in France or England at the Time... History books as well as those accompanying his television series that disease played a.. Childhood terror, and it ended the slave system that funded Sloanes collecting in cases. Do that a courtesy but probably not a necessity the reasons why the American and Caribbean experiences were different! Probably happily killing each other for women before the West turned up and bought them a fifty quid note the! 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In 1807 that funded Sloanes collecting the book Staying Power by the are david and peter olusoga brothers. One surviving people being expected to dig into their pockets for a fascinating conversation about the of... The future to put down slavery in Africa and a plantation in Virginia subject and his choice of subject his... To me in seven years, when youre ready to order quot ; habit. Says there might be some truth to them for the whole of National! Sports, with a particular interest in high-performance environments and elite coaching nation, we ought to the... A rule was instituted that only people with white skins had to taxes! Accepting sins of the J.M that funded Sloanes collecting average wealth of all British exports there really are a of! Turned up and bought them many cases, whose ancestors didnt even live in France or England at relevant! A 49-year-old historian and presenter Credit: Getty - Contributor David Olusoga 49. 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